Books+PereLu

=The Model T (inventions)=

By: Micheal O'Hearn
https://www.myon.com/reader/index.html?a=id_hefor_f06


 * Henry Ford wanted to give farmers an easier life, so he invented the Model T. The car was made of vanadium steel. A strong but light metal that allowed farmers to drive even on the most rugged of roads. In spring 1908 he developed the first Model T. Farmers were demanding the Model T so much and Ford Motors could keep up with the orders. Henry wanted to make the process of making a Model T faster to keep up with the demand, so he and his business partner invented the assembly line. Men would stay on both sides of a table and make parts. This reduced the making of a single Model T from a single day, to 13 hours. But, people kept on demanding and Ford Motors needed to make them even faster. So Henry Ford demanded that a new building is made. It had four floors and stretched about 865 feet long. The assembly line still couldn't catch up, so engineers built a conveyor belt to transport parts one place to the other quickly. This reduced the making of a Model T from 13 hours to 1 hour and 33 minutes. But another problem came, the workers were getting tired and their pay was too low. Ford didn't know how to make them come back, but then an idea clicked. Raise the pay from $2.50 to $5.00. The raise worked like a charm. The car builders were so pleased that instead of making 250 parts a day, each one made 500 parts a day. This worked like a charm. In that year Ford Motors produced 15 million Model Ts.**


 * I would recommend this book to anyone who really likes cars. This book explains such a significant part of how cars were made popular.**

=The Kodak Camera=

By: Jennifer Fandel
https://www.myon.com/reader/index.html?a=id_gekca_s07


 * George Eastman was a very wealthy man. He one day got a camera set to take a picture and realized how hard it was to take a single photograph. In our times taking a photo is as easy as pressing a button on our modern-day devices. Back then even having a camera set was a miracle. Since cameras were very expensive only the wealthy could afford them. So George Eastman set out to make photography easier. The process of making a photo was very tiring back in 1877. You had to coat a glass plate with emulsion and let it dry. After that, you had to insert the coated plate into the camera and take the picture. The next step is to dip the plate into water and shine a red light onto it. After that, you had to let the glass plate dry for hours. And hopefully, if you did it right, you turn out with a picture. Long process huh? What if we had to do all that work now to take a photo. Time was wasted a lot with this process so George Eastman went out to find a solution for better photo taking. His first idea was to use a dry plate instead of messy wet ones. Unfortunately, the quality was very poor. He created a new emulsion to use on the dry plates. The emulsion was hard to paint evenly by hand so Eastman created a new invention to get dry plates coated easier. It was two suction cups held up by a bar and a roller held up by an anvil shaped item. You would slap on some emulsion on the roller and pass the glass plate through it. After that, the glass plates were coated evenly every single time you used the machine. The plates coated by hand compared to the plates coated by the roller the results were A LOT better. The quality was amazing and clear. After getting a patent for his invention he started a store dedicated just to cameras. It was called "Eastman Dry Plate CO." But as he was demonstrating how to use his new plate coating process he accidentally dropped a dry plate. He realized that the plates were so clumsy and breakable that he needed a new source to produce pictures on. He decided to use a paper called "film". His business partner was working on the new invention. Though his film won many awards photographers weren't as excited as Eastman was for his invention. They kept on saying it was 'bad quality'. Eastman realized that regular people didn't care if their picture were good or bad quality, they cared about being able to take their own pictures. George then decided to make a new camera, called the 'Kodak' all you needed to do was take pull a string turn the key and press a button. After you had taken all the photos you want, you deliver the camera to the store so they could develop the photos. Eastman Dry Plates CO. sent the camera back with a load of the film with the pictures printed on them. Within the first year of the Kodak, they sold 13,000 cameras. But most people couldn't afford they $25 camera. So they made the Brownie. A camera so simple a child could use it. They sold it at a dollar and kids were getting them all over America. Over the years the Brownie went through 25 changes and eventually looked a little bit like the cameras that we use today. The flash photography and color additions made the pictures even better. Even after George Eastman's death cameras continue to change.**


 * I would recommend this book.**

=**Levi Strauss and Blue Jeans**=

https://www.myon.com/reader/index.html?a=id_lestr_f06


 * Levi Strauss was a businessman in the United States. But when all his customers were going to California to 'strike it rich' he decided to follow them. One of his first sights was a man trading gold dust for used boots. He later met a man who needed quality pants and spoke to him. He went to a tailor and asked him to make a pair of pants out of canvases. Later, Levi Strauss delivered the pants to the miners by the hills. He went to his sister's shop where he stayed for a long time. When he saw that all the miners needed quality pants he decided to call his brothers for fabric. Since they didn't find any canvas cloth they decided to send denim. A material that has the quality of canvas cloth without the irritating texture. He decided to make pants of this fabric. Since everyone in France (where they found the denim) called the fabric 'genes' that's what they decided to call the new pants. His business skyrocketed. He decided to get a patent for the jeans. They added a new feature, rivets. But unfortunately, the patent wasn't approved. They looked too much like the ones on military uniforms. Levi decided to make the rivets copper and go for the patent one more time. This time is was approved! Just like that Levi's were selling left and right all over California. His new store had many customers in it constantly. His business with the jeans was so successful that he added the second floor. Even with being financially stable he didn't get married. He said that he was married to his job. Later on in his life, he added a new feature to his jeans, a 'V' shape on the back pocket to make sure that his jeans were never copied. Even now they sell Levi's. Now you can talk about the history of Levi jeans.**


 * I would recommend this book**